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Advanced Construction Materials and Technologies
Table 1: Summary of the main physical and chemical properties
ECS ECS+1.5%Q
ECS+1.5%Q+N
Plasticity (LL-PL)
Maximum dry density (gr/cm3) Optimal water content (%)
4-days soaked CBR
Expansion (μm)
Module (Mpa)
Compressive Strength (MPa) 14 days
Si Ca K Mg Fe Al Na Ti
22.79 N/P N/P 1.63 1.6 1.6 18.4 19.6 19.6
1.98 16.7 33.8
152.5 46.5 30 - 107 420 - 0.21 0.25
12.9 12.9 12.3 18.8 17.8 18.4 1.10 1.21 1.14 0.97 1.55 1.23 1.84 2.13 2.13 4.09 4.69 4.65 0.11 0.17 0.13 0.25 0.30 0.05
Comparing the values (Table 1), it is observed that ECS + 1.5%Q+N improved soil properties. The value (CBR) of ECS + 1.5%Q+N compared to ECS + 1.5%Q was increased by 102% and reduced expansion by 55%. The compressive strength and modules also improved with the use of the nanomaterial.
4. Conclusions
Based on the obtained results, the following conclusions are presented:
- The addition of Nanomaterial in the mixtures improved the bearing capacity. This result is
better than those reported for the mix with 1.5% lime.
- Regarding the values of the strength, it can be considered high and enough to build any
type of embankment, as well as sub-bases of roads and rural paths.
- It can be concluded that the use of nanomaterial reduces the expansion of expansive soils
and improves physical-mechanical properties.
5. Acknowledgements
The authors thank the financial support from the programme "Retos Colaboración" of the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, for the concession of the Ecaryse project (RCT-2017-6202-5) and to the company Sacyr, the promoter and the main Researcher of the project.
6. References
Cabrera, M., Rosales, J., Ayuso, J., Estaire, J., & Agrela, F. (2018). Feasibility of using olive biomass bottom ash in the sub-bases of roads and rural paths. Construction and Building Materials, 181, 266-275.
Croft, J. B. (1967). The influence of soil mineralogical composition on cement stabilization. Geotechnique, 17(2), 119-135.
François D, Jullien A. (2009) A framework of analysis for field experiments with alternative materials in road construction. Waste Management, 29:1076–083
Kajbafvala, A., Li, M., Bahmanpour, H., Maneshian, M. H., & Kauffmann, A. (2013). Nano/microstructured materials: rapid, low-cost, and eco-friendly synthesis methods. Journal of Nanoparticles, 2013.
Maestro, M. B., Ibáñez, C. J. (2009). Sostenibilidad de las carreteras y de las estructuras de hormigón. Cemento Hormigón, (923), 36-47
Sherwood, P. (1993). Soil stabilization with cement and lime: state-of-the-art review. Transport Research Laboratory, London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
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Elemental content (%mass)